Yola was the language spoken in County Wexford as in Ireland until the late 19th Century by the descendents of 11th Century English settlers. Considered an off-shoot of Middle English with some Gaelic influences. I compiled this list from Poole's Yola Glossary, still the only scholarly work on the leid. Some of the translations are mine.
Male names;
Billy ~ Billeen
Cormac ~ Cournag
Dennis ~ Deenees
Diarmuid ~ Dearmed
Jack ~ Jackeen
James ~ Jaames
Joseph ~ Josef
Harry ~ Harrie
Hugh / Fitzhugh ~ Peeougheen
Kelly ~ Kealy / Kealeen
Larry ~ Learry
Martin ~ Marteen
Maurice ~ Mareesh
Meyler ~ Meyleare
Miles ~ Michare
Mogue ~ Moake
Patrick ~ Parick
Peter ~ Beedher / Peether
Phillip ~ Phielim
Robert / Robin ~ Robbeen
Sean ~ Shaneen
Simon ~ Zimon
Thaddeus ~ Thadee
Theodore ~ Theig
Thomas ~ Thommeen
Tom ~ Tam
Trevor ~ Treblere
Walter ~ Wathere
William ~ Wyllhaume
Female names;
Catherine/Kate ~ Caut
Ellen / Nelly ~ Neleen
Jane ~ Jennate
Joan ~ Jauaan
Margarete ~ Margeraate
Mary ~ Maree
Sally ~ Zailee
Showing posts with label Yola. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Yola. Show all posts
Saturday, 15 September 2012
Wednesday, 29 August 2012
Address to the Lord Liutenant of Ireland in Yola
Address to Lord Lieutenant in 1836
Congratulatory address in the dialect of Forth and Bargy, presented to Earl Musgrave, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland on his visit to Wexford in 1836 taken from the Wexford Independent newspaper of 15 February 1860. The paper’s editor Mr Edmund Hore writes:
"The most remarkable fact, in reality, in connexion with the address is this. In all probability it was the first time regal or vice-regal ears were required to listen to word of such a dialect; an it is even still more probable that a like event will never happen again; for if the use of this old tongue dies out as fast for the next five-and-twenty years as it has for the same bygone period, it will be utterly extinct and forgotten before the present century shall have closed.
In order for a person not acquainted with the pronunciation of the dialect to form anything like an idea of it, it is first necessary to speak slowly, and remember that the letter a has invariably the same sound, like a in “father”. Double ee sounds like e in “me”, and most words of two syllables the long accent is placed on the last. To follow the English pronunciation completely deprives the dialect of its peculiarities."
To’s Excellencie Constantine Harrie Phipps, y’ Earle Mulgrave, Lord Lieutenant-General and General Governor of Ireland. Ye soumissive Spakeen o’ouz Dwelleres o’ Baronie Forthe, Weisforthe.
MAI’T BE PLESANT TO TH’ECCELLENCIE, - Wee, Vassalès o’ ‘His Most Gracious majesty’, Wilyame ee Vourthe, an, az wee verilie chote, na coshe and loyale dwellerès na Baronie Forthe, crave na dicke luckie acte t’uck neicher th’ Eccellencie, an na plaine grabe o’ oure yola talke, wi vengem o’ core t’gie ours zense o’ y gradès whilke be ee-dighte wi yer name; and whilke we canna zei, albeit o’ ‘Governere’, ‘Statesman’, an alike. Yn ercha and aul o’ while yt beeth wi gleezom o’ core th’ oure eyen dwytheth apan ye Vigere o’dicke Zouvereine, Wilyame ee Vourthe, unnere fose fatherlie zwae oure diaez be ee-spant, az avare ye trad dicke londe yer name waz ee-kent var ee vriene o’ livertie, an He fo brake ye neckares o’ zlaves. Mang ourzels – var wee dwytheth an Irelonde az ure genreale haim – y’ast, bie ractzom o’honde, ee-delt t’ouz ye laas ee-mate var ercha vassale, ne’er dwythen na dicke waie nar dicka. Wee dwyth ye ane fose dais be gien var ee guidevare o’ye londe ye zwae, - t’avance pace an livertie, an, wi’oute vlynch, ee garde o’ generale reights an poplare vartue. Ye pace – yea, we mai zei, ye vast pace whilke bee ee-stent owr ye londe zince th’ast ee-cam, proo’th, y’at wee alane needeth ye giftes o’generale rights, az be displayth bie ee factes o’thie goveremente. Ye state na dicke daie o’ye londe, na whilke be nar fash nar moile, albeit ‘constitutional agitation’, ye wake o’hopes ee-blighte, stampe na yer zwae be rare an lightzom. Yer name var zetch avancet avare ye, e’en a dicke var hye, arent whilke ye brine o’zea an dye craggès o’noghanes cazed nae balke. Na oure gladès ana whilke we dellt wi’ mattoke, an zing t’oure caulès wi plou, wee hert ee zough o’ye colure o’ pace na name o’ Mulgrave. Wi Irishmen ower generale houpes be ee-boud – az Irishmen, an az dwellerès na cosh an loyale o’ Baronie Forthe, w’oul daie an ercha daie, our meines an oure gurles, praie var long an happie zins, shorne o’lournagh an ee-vilt wi benisons, an yersel and oure gude Zovereine, till ee zin o’oure daies be var aye be ee-go to’glade.
Standard English Translation
To his Excellency, Constantine Henry Phipps, Earl Mulgrave, Lord Lieutenant-General, and General Governor of Ireland. The humble Address of the Inhabitants of the Barony of Forth, Wexford.
MAY IT PLEASE YOUR EXCELLENCY – We, the subjects of his Most Gracious Majesty, William IV, and, as we verily believe, both faithful and loyal inhabitants of the Barony of Forth, beg leave at this favourable opportunity to approach your Excellency, and in the simple dress of our old dialect to pour forth from the strength (or fullness) of our hearts, our sense (or admiration) of the qualities which characterise your name, and for which we have no words but of ‘Governor’, ‘Statesman’, etc. In each and every condition it is with joy of heart that our eyes rest upon the representative of the Sovereign, William IV, under whose paternal rule our days are spent; for before your foot pressed the soil, your name was known to us as the friend of liberty, and he who broke the fetters of the slave. Unto ourselves – for we look on Ireland to be our common country – you have with impartial hand ministered the laws made for every subject, without regard to this party or that. We behold in you one whose days are devoted to the welfare of the land you govern, to promote peace and liberty – the uncompromising guardian of the common right and public virtue. The peace – yes, we may say the profound peace – which overspreads the land since your arrival, proves that we alone stood in need of the enjoyment of common privileges, as is demonstrated by the results of your government. The condition, this day, of the country, in which is neither tumult nor disorder, but that constitutional agitation, the consequence of disappointed hopes, confirms your rule to be rare and enlightened. Your fame for such came before you even into this retired spot, to which neither the waters of the sea below nor the mountains above caused any impediment. In our valleys, where we were digging with the spade, or as we whistled to our horses in the plough, we heard the distant sound of the wings of the dove of peace, in the word Mulgrave. With Irishmen our common hopes are inseparably bound up – as Irishmen, and as inhabitants, faithful and loyal, of the Barony Forth, we will daily and every day, our wives and our children, implore long and happy days, free from melancholy and full of blessings, for yourself and our good Sovereign, until the sun of our lives be gone down the dark valley (of death).
This address in included as part of Jacob Poole's 1867 glossary of the Yola language which remains the only such book about Yola.
Congratulatory address in the dialect of Forth and Bargy, presented to Earl Musgrave, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland on his visit to Wexford in 1836 taken from the Wexford Independent newspaper of 15 February 1860. The paper’s editor Mr Edmund Hore writes:
"The most remarkable fact, in reality, in connexion with the address is this. In all probability it was the first time regal or vice-regal ears were required to listen to word of such a dialect; an it is even still more probable that a like event will never happen again; for if the use of this old tongue dies out as fast for the next five-and-twenty years as it has for the same bygone period, it will be utterly extinct and forgotten before the present century shall have closed.
In order for a person not acquainted with the pronunciation of the dialect to form anything like an idea of it, it is first necessary to speak slowly, and remember that the letter a has invariably the same sound, like a in “father”. Double ee sounds like e in “me”, and most words of two syllables the long accent is placed on the last. To follow the English pronunciation completely deprives the dialect of its peculiarities."
To’s Excellencie Constantine Harrie Phipps, y’ Earle Mulgrave, Lord Lieutenant-General and General Governor of Ireland. Ye soumissive Spakeen o’ouz Dwelleres o’ Baronie Forthe, Weisforthe.
MAI’T BE PLESANT TO TH’ECCELLENCIE, - Wee, Vassalès o’ ‘His Most Gracious majesty’, Wilyame ee Vourthe, an, az wee verilie chote, na coshe and loyale dwellerès na Baronie Forthe, crave na dicke luckie acte t’uck neicher th’ Eccellencie, an na plaine grabe o’ oure yola talke, wi vengem o’ core t’gie ours zense o’ y gradès whilke be ee-dighte wi yer name; and whilke we canna zei, albeit o’ ‘Governere’, ‘Statesman’, an alike. Yn ercha and aul o’ while yt beeth wi gleezom o’ core th’ oure eyen dwytheth apan ye Vigere o’dicke Zouvereine, Wilyame ee Vourthe, unnere fose fatherlie zwae oure diaez be ee-spant, az avare ye trad dicke londe yer name waz ee-kent var ee vriene o’ livertie, an He fo brake ye neckares o’ zlaves. Mang ourzels – var wee dwytheth an Irelonde az ure genreale haim – y’ast, bie ractzom o’honde, ee-delt t’ouz ye laas ee-mate var ercha vassale, ne’er dwythen na dicke waie nar dicka. Wee dwyth ye ane fose dais be gien var ee guidevare o’ye londe ye zwae, - t’avance pace an livertie, an, wi’oute vlynch, ee garde o’ generale reights an poplare vartue. Ye pace – yea, we mai zei, ye vast pace whilke bee ee-stent owr ye londe zince th’ast ee-cam, proo’th, y’at wee alane needeth ye giftes o’generale rights, az be displayth bie ee factes o’thie goveremente. Ye state na dicke daie o’ye londe, na whilke be nar fash nar moile, albeit ‘constitutional agitation’, ye wake o’hopes ee-blighte, stampe na yer zwae be rare an lightzom. Yer name var zetch avancet avare ye, e’en a dicke var hye, arent whilke ye brine o’zea an dye craggès o’noghanes cazed nae balke. Na oure gladès ana whilke we dellt wi’ mattoke, an zing t’oure caulès wi plou, wee hert ee zough o’ye colure o’ pace na name o’ Mulgrave. Wi Irishmen ower generale houpes be ee-boud – az Irishmen, an az dwellerès na cosh an loyale o’ Baronie Forthe, w’oul daie an ercha daie, our meines an oure gurles, praie var long an happie zins, shorne o’lournagh an ee-vilt wi benisons, an yersel and oure gude Zovereine, till ee zin o’oure daies be var aye be ee-go to’glade.
Standard English Translation
To his Excellency, Constantine Henry Phipps, Earl Mulgrave, Lord Lieutenant-General, and General Governor of Ireland. The humble Address of the Inhabitants of the Barony of Forth, Wexford.
MAY IT PLEASE YOUR EXCELLENCY – We, the subjects of his Most Gracious Majesty, William IV, and, as we verily believe, both faithful and loyal inhabitants of the Barony of Forth, beg leave at this favourable opportunity to approach your Excellency, and in the simple dress of our old dialect to pour forth from the strength (or fullness) of our hearts, our sense (or admiration) of the qualities which characterise your name, and for which we have no words but of ‘Governor’, ‘Statesman’, etc. In each and every condition it is with joy of heart that our eyes rest upon the representative of the Sovereign, William IV, under whose paternal rule our days are spent; for before your foot pressed the soil, your name was known to us as the friend of liberty, and he who broke the fetters of the slave. Unto ourselves – for we look on Ireland to be our common country – you have with impartial hand ministered the laws made for every subject, without regard to this party or that. We behold in you one whose days are devoted to the welfare of the land you govern, to promote peace and liberty – the uncompromising guardian of the common right and public virtue. The peace – yes, we may say the profound peace – which overspreads the land since your arrival, proves that we alone stood in need of the enjoyment of common privileges, as is demonstrated by the results of your government. The condition, this day, of the country, in which is neither tumult nor disorder, but that constitutional agitation, the consequence of disappointed hopes, confirms your rule to be rare and enlightened. Your fame for such came before you even into this retired spot, to which neither the waters of the sea below nor the mountains above caused any impediment. In our valleys, where we were digging with the spade, or as we whistled to our horses in the plough, we heard the distant sound of the wings of the dove of peace, in the word Mulgrave. With Irishmen our common hopes are inseparably bound up – as Irishmen, and as inhabitants, faithful and loyal, of the Barony Forth, we will daily and every day, our wives and our children, implore long and happy days, free from melancholy and full of blessings, for yourself and our good Sovereign, until the sun of our lives be gone down the dark valley (of death).
This address in included as part of Jacob Poole's 1867 glossary of the Yola language which remains the only such book about Yola.
Tuesday, 3 May 2011
Some insults for that special someone.
Some choice insults in Gaelic, Irish, Shelta and Yola;
Gaelic seems to be particularly rich in insults as befits such a literate culture;
a) Fat/Obese/;
mèith (fat and greasy or oily)
meathas (fat and flabby or effeminate, now that's a good one, why don't we have a word for this?)
moirgean (a short fat person)
reamhar (fat, plump, fleshy)
sultach (flabby)
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Stupid;
blaomastair ~ Stupid fellow, dolt, blockhead. 2 Blusterer, bully. 3(JM) One who talks in an irrelevant and pompous way. The general idea expressed by this word in the Western Isles is one suffering from a mental defect. (this is a great word, very evocative, looks like blowhard although the two words are not related)
blaomastaireachd ~ Stupid blundering. 2 Preposterous-ness. 3(JM) Boisterous talking, vain boasting.
briollanach ~ Stupid, boorish, ignorant.
eacartha ~ Stupid.
gleogair ~ Stupid, dull fellow. 2 Talkative fellow. 3 Arrogant fellow. 4 Lazy fellow. 5†† Sloth. 6(DMC) Trifler.
gleogaireachd ~ Stupid behaviour. 2 Idle talk. 3 Awkward gestures. 4.Sloth. 5 to be rroganct. 6. Talkativeness.
gleogamas ~ Stupid drowsy fellow.
glòbag ~ Stupid
gogair ~ Stupid fellow, fool.
sgleamhraidh ~ Stupid, senseless person. 2 Awkward, untidy fellow. 3 Mean or ignorant fellow. 4 Bumpkin
stuacach ~ Stupid, boorish, churlish, gruff.
toirchimeach ~ Stupid. 2 Benumbed.
dobht ~ Stupid man. 2 Partially demented man.
dota ~ Stupid fellow.
burracaid ~ Stupid or silly female.
burrait ~ Stupid. 2Beastly.
claonaire ~ Stupid fellow, used of a person whose wits are considered to be less sharp than the normal.
damhail ~ Stupid, boorish. 2 Of, or belonging to, oxen.
diomhothaigheach ~ Stupid, an idiot
spollachdair ~ Stupid person, blockhead.
amhlair ~ Dull, stupid or ignorant person. 2 Fool, idiot. 3** Changling. 4 Driveller. 5** Brutish man.
gamal ~ Fool, stupid person.
gleòman ~ Silly stupid fellow. 2 Sluggish man, drowsy person. 3.Dull person.
muirghineach ~ Dull, stupid.
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Arrogant;
reimheach ~ Arrogant, proud, petulant, conceited.
toicheastalach ~ Arrogant, presuming, self-suffcient, arrogant, opinionated.
brodail ~ Proud, arrogant, conceited, forward. Tha e cho brodail ris a' mhac mhallachd, he it as proud as Lucifer.
baisealach ~ Proud, arrogant.
àrd-inntinneach ~ Haughty, arrogant, proud, vain. Na bi àrd-inntinneach, be not high-minded.
neo-ìogarra ~ Haughty, arrogant. Gu neo-ìogarra, haughtily.
tòstalach ~ Presumptuous, arrogant.
diomasach ~ Proud, arrogant, bold, haughty, defying. 2** Disrespectful.
barpail ~ Arrogant.
uaibhreach ~ Proud, haughty, arrogant person.
ràideachas ~ Boastful speech, arrogant language, arrogance, pride. 2 Saying. 3 Report. 4 Trial of skill.
sraonaiseach ~ Huffish, snuffy. 2 Arrogant. 3 Querulous, petulant.
ceannardach ~ pushy, arrogant, proud, imperious, dictatorial. 2 Confident, dogmatical
ràiteachail -e, a. Boasting, vainglorious, arrogant. Daoine ràiteachail, boasters.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Liar;
breugaire ~ Liar, (it's resemblance to beggar is interesting)
sabhdair ~ A foolish braggart
brionach ~ Liar
tul-bhreugadair -ean, sm Impudent liar.
tlusach ~ Dissembler, liar.
feallair ~ Deceiver, traitor. 2 Liar.
bradag ~ Thievish woman.
fallsaire ~ Sophist, false philosopher. 2.Falsifier. 3** Liar, deceiver, traitor. (obvious resemblance to false can not be a coincidence)
truthair ~ Traitor, villain. 2 Filthy fellow. 3 Prevaricator, liar, deluder, knave. 4 (* truthaire) Bankrupt.
breugach ~ Lying, false, deceitful. 2. Flattering, cajoling, soothing. 3.Deceived. Is breugach thu an-diugh, you are deceiving today; tha e cho breugach 's a tha an cat cho bradach, he is as much a liar as the cat is a thief [an emphatic way of saying a man is a liar]; "tha e breugach" / he is untruthful; N"ach breugach thu! / how much you lie!"
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Ugly;
uspair ~ Ugly or lumpish fellow.
iol-ghràineach ~ Very ugly, horrid, causing disgust.
aidheitighe ~ Very ugly.
fiamh a Ugly, disgusting, horrible.
grath a. Fearful, ugly.
leòbasach ~ Having an ugly mouth or hanging lips.
buaf ~ Any ugly venomous creature.
sgràideanach ~ Diminutive and ugly. 2 Shabby. 3 Having an ugly diminutive person. 4.Puny.
sgraidht ~ Shrivelled and ugly old woman.
sgràideach ~ Shrivelled and ugly.
striamalach ~ Anything long and ugly. 2 Tall, ugly person. 3†† Long trailing appendage.
droch-ghnùiseach ~ Ill-favoured, ugly.
mì-eireachdail ~ Unhandsome, unseemly, ugly. Giùlan mì-eireachdail, unseemly conduct; gu mì-eireachdail, ungenteely.
crainn ~ Ugly old woman
duaichnidh ~ Deformed, disfigured. 2.Ugly 3.Gloomy, horrible, dismal, black. 4 Ghastly, death-like. 5.More or most ugly
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Worthless/useless/good-for-nothing;
ain-fhiùghach ~ a Worthless. 2 Insignificant, contemptible.
ceacharran ~ Worthless, pusillanimous person.
cosmaileach ~ Worthless.
mì-fhiù ~ Worthless, useless.
prabair ~ Worthless fellow, good-for-nothing
priobair ~ Worthless fellow, blinkard. 2 Miser.
suarachan ~ Worthless person.
truileach ~ Worthless person.
truille ~ Worthless, dirty person.
fudaidh ~ Useless
ruinnseach ~ Base or worthless woman
dreoll ~ Paltry, worthless fellow. 2 see dreall.
pliobair ~ A Flunkey, worthless fellow.
cuiliosal ~ a Vile, worthless, useless person.
gàirsgeal ~ Rabble, band of worthless persons.
leibideach ~ Trifling, mean, worthless, contemptible. 2 Accidental. 3 Awkward. 4 Avaricious. 5 Tawdry. 6 Annoying, vexatious.
feall-duine ~ Worthless man. 2 Deceiver, traitor.
mosach ~ Nasty. 2 Filthy. 3 Worthless. 4 Insignificant. 5 Sordid, mean, avaricious, niggardly.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Hateful/vindictive/petty/childish;
fuath-thoilltinneach ~ Hateful, abominable, deserving of hatred.
fuathach ~ Hateful, abhorrent 2 demoniacal.
fuathmhor ~ Hateful, disagreeable. 2 Terrific. 3 Horrible. 4 Hating, disliking. 5** Spectral. 6** Unclean. Gach eun fuathmhor, every unclean bird.
gràineil ~ Abominable, hateful, loathsome, odious, disagreeable, detestable, abject. 2 Nasty. Nach gràineile an duine? is not man more abominable?
doinidh ~ a Loathsome, contemptible, hateful - Sàr-Obair.
naoidheanta ~ Childish, child-like infantile.
pàisteanach ~ Childish. puerile
draingeis ~ Snarling, carping. 2. Childish bickering.
troileis ~ Any trifling thing. 2. Childish merriment
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In Irish;
Fat/obese;
ramhar ~ fat or obese person
lodartha ~ flabby (somewhat resembles "lard" but the two words are probably not related)
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Stupid/idiot;
bómánta ~ stupid
amadán ~ Idiot (man)
óinseach ~ Idiot (woman)
díomhaoin ~ useless
beagmhaitheasach ~ worthless
neamhfhiúntach ~ worthless
Scraiste, duine gan mhaith ~ a worthless person
Ní fiú a bheith leis ~ it is worthless talking to him
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Arrogant;
díomasach ~ arrogant
sotalach ~ arrogant
duine ardnósach ~ snob
mórluachach ~ snob
bogásach ~ smug
béalchráifeach ~ sanctimonious/holier than thou
uallach ~ conceited
giodalach ~ vain
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Liar;
bréagadóir ~ liar (I wonder if there is a connection with "braggart")
calaois ~ fraud
camastaíl ~ fraud
cealg ~ deceit / fraud
calaoiseach ~ lies
fealltach ~ fraud
mealltach ~ deception
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Ugly;
gránna ~ ugly
míofar ~ ugly
gráiciúil ~ ugly
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Evil;
olc ~ Evil (adj)(the first two here are interesting, I wonder if Tolkien, who did study Gaelic, based his Orks on these. The resemblance to Ogre is also obvious)
olcas ~ (pl)
droch ~
diabhalta(adj) ~ devilish or diabolic or demonic
diabhlaíocht(n) ~ devilment
D'imigh an diabhal air! ~ He's a real devil!
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In Shelta (The Lied of The Irish Travelers);
Nyaak / Nyaakish ~ dishonest, crooked
mugathath ~ stupidity
mong ~ fool
mugathawn ~ idiot
sramaler ~ thief
sumoal ~ crook
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In Yola;
Stupid/idiot;
Clouk ~ An idiot
Dhonal ~ A dunce
Stouck ~ An idiot, a blockhead
Mope ~ A fool
Gomp ~ a moron
Houghany ~ stupid
Kimleare ~ A bummbler
Goodee-hang ~ Good-for-nothing
Falsakeen ~ A liar ( the relationship to "false" is obvious)
Shaaumeless ~ shameless
Trameal ~ sloth
Stuggoone ~ good-for-nothing
Llean ~ evil
Vaapereet ~ A braggart (another good word)
Villent ~ a crook (taken from villain)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In Cromarty Scots;
Ablach ~ Akward or ungainly
Amitan ~ A fool or idiot
Belligut ~ A glutton or greedy person
Blether-Bus ~ A chatterbox, a person who talks with endless, inane chatter (from the Scots "Blather-Skite")
Boshach-Skeyter ~ Hideously ugly, deformed
Bubba ~ The Devi
l Guloot ~ An oaf or moron (from the Scots/Irish term "Galloot")
Haffleen ~ Half-Wit
Lummer ~ A naughty girl, a tramp
Lupikin ~ A rascal or scoundrel
Skilbygelk ~ A worthless good-for-nothing bum
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~`
Note; If you're so vain you think these are about you; then they are.
Gaelic seems to be particularly rich in insults as befits such a literate culture;
a) Fat/Obese/;
mèith (fat and greasy or oily)
meathas (fat and flabby or effeminate, now that's a good one, why don't we have a word for this?)
moirgean (a short fat person)
reamhar (fat, plump, fleshy)
sultach (flabby)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Stupid;
blaomastair ~ Stupid fellow, dolt, blockhead. 2 Blusterer, bully. 3(JM) One who talks in an irrelevant and pompous way. The general idea expressed by this word in the Western Isles is one suffering from a mental defect. (this is a great word, very evocative, looks like blowhard although the two words are not related)
blaomastaireachd ~ Stupid blundering. 2 Preposterous-ness. 3(JM) Boisterous talking, vain boasting.
briollanach ~ Stupid, boorish, ignorant.
eacartha ~ Stupid.
gleogair ~ Stupid, dull fellow. 2 Talkative fellow. 3 Arrogant fellow. 4 Lazy fellow. 5†† Sloth. 6(DMC) Trifler.
gleogaireachd ~ Stupid behaviour. 2 Idle talk. 3 Awkward gestures. 4.Sloth. 5 to be rroganct. 6. Talkativeness.
gleogamas ~ Stupid drowsy fellow.
glòbag ~ Stupid
gogair ~ Stupid fellow, fool.
sgleamhraidh ~ Stupid, senseless person. 2 Awkward, untidy fellow. 3 Mean or ignorant fellow. 4 Bumpkin
stuacach ~ Stupid, boorish, churlish, gruff.
toirchimeach ~ Stupid. 2 Benumbed.
dobht ~ Stupid man. 2 Partially demented man.
dota ~ Stupid fellow.
burracaid ~ Stupid or silly female.
burrait ~ Stupid. 2Beastly.
claonaire ~ Stupid fellow, used of a person whose wits are considered to be less sharp than the normal.
damhail ~ Stupid, boorish. 2 Of, or belonging to, oxen.
diomhothaigheach ~ Stupid, an idiot
spollachdair ~ Stupid person, blockhead.
amhlair ~ Dull, stupid or ignorant person. 2 Fool, idiot. 3** Changling. 4 Driveller. 5** Brutish man.
gamal ~ Fool, stupid person.
gleòman ~ Silly stupid fellow. 2 Sluggish man, drowsy person. 3.Dull person.
muirghineach ~ Dull, stupid.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Arrogant;
reimheach ~ Arrogant, proud, petulant, conceited.
toicheastalach ~ Arrogant, presuming, self-suffcient, arrogant, opinionated.
brodail ~ Proud, arrogant, conceited, forward. Tha e cho brodail ris a' mhac mhallachd, he it as proud as Lucifer.
baisealach ~ Proud, arrogant.
àrd-inntinneach ~ Haughty, arrogant, proud, vain. Na bi àrd-inntinneach, be not high-minded.
neo-ìogarra ~ Haughty, arrogant. Gu neo-ìogarra, haughtily.
tòstalach ~ Presumptuous, arrogant.
diomasach ~ Proud, arrogant, bold, haughty, defying. 2** Disrespectful.
barpail ~ Arrogant.
uaibhreach ~ Proud, haughty, arrogant person.
ràideachas ~ Boastful speech, arrogant language, arrogance, pride. 2 Saying. 3 Report. 4 Trial of skill.
sraonaiseach ~ Huffish, snuffy. 2 Arrogant. 3 Querulous, petulant.
ceannardach ~ pushy, arrogant, proud, imperious, dictatorial. 2 Confident, dogmatical
ràiteachail -e, a. Boasting, vainglorious, arrogant. Daoine ràiteachail, boasters.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Liar;
breugaire ~ Liar, (it's resemblance to beggar is interesting)
sabhdair ~ A foolish braggart
brionach ~ Liar
tul-bhreugadair -ean, sm Impudent liar.
tlusach ~ Dissembler, liar.
feallair ~ Deceiver, traitor. 2 Liar.
bradag ~ Thievish woman.
fallsaire ~ Sophist, false philosopher. 2.Falsifier. 3** Liar, deceiver, traitor. (obvious resemblance to false can not be a coincidence)
truthair ~ Traitor, villain. 2 Filthy fellow. 3 Prevaricator, liar, deluder, knave. 4 (* truthaire) Bankrupt.
breugach ~ Lying, false, deceitful. 2. Flattering, cajoling, soothing. 3.Deceived. Is breugach thu an-diugh, you are deceiving today; tha e cho breugach 's a tha an cat cho bradach, he is as much a liar as the cat is a thief [an emphatic way of saying a man is a liar]; "tha e breugach" / he is untruthful; N"ach breugach thu! / how much you lie!"
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Ugly;
uspair ~ Ugly or lumpish fellow.
iol-ghràineach ~ Very ugly, horrid, causing disgust.
aidheitighe ~ Very ugly.
fiamh a Ugly, disgusting, horrible.
grath a. Fearful, ugly.
leòbasach ~ Having an ugly mouth or hanging lips.
buaf ~ Any ugly venomous creature.
sgràideanach ~ Diminutive and ugly. 2 Shabby. 3 Having an ugly diminutive person. 4.Puny.
sgraidht ~ Shrivelled and ugly old woman.
sgràideach ~ Shrivelled and ugly.
striamalach ~ Anything long and ugly. 2 Tall, ugly person. 3†† Long trailing appendage.
droch-ghnùiseach ~ Ill-favoured, ugly.
mì-eireachdail ~ Unhandsome, unseemly, ugly. Giùlan mì-eireachdail, unseemly conduct; gu mì-eireachdail, ungenteely.
crainn ~ Ugly old woman
duaichnidh ~ Deformed, disfigured. 2.Ugly 3.Gloomy, horrible, dismal, black. 4 Ghastly, death-like. 5.More or most ugly
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Worthless/useless/good-for-nothing;
ain-fhiùghach ~ a Worthless. 2 Insignificant, contemptible.
ceacharran ~ Worthless, pusillanimous person.
cosmaileach ~ Worthless.
mì-fhiù ~ Worthless, useless.
prabair ~ Worthless fellow, good-for-nothing
priobair ~ Worthless fellow, blinkard. 2 Miser.
suarachan ~ Worthless person.
truileach ~ Worthless person.
truille ~ Worthless, dirty person.
fudaidh ~ Useless
ruinnseach ~ Base or worthless woman
dreoll ~ Paltry, worthless fellow. 2 see dreall.
pliobair ~ A Flunkey, worthless fellow.
cuiliosal ~ a Vile, worthless, useless person.
gàirsgeal ~ Rabble, band of worthless persons.
leibideach ~ Trifling, mean, worthless, contemptible. 2 Accidental. 3 Awkward. 4 Avaricious. 5 Tawdry. 6 Annoying, vexatious.
feall-duine ~ Worthless man. 2 Deceiver, traitor.
mosach ~ Nasty. 2 Filthy. 3 Worthless. 4 Insignificant. 5 Sordid, mean, avaricious, niggardly.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Hateful/vindictive/petty/childish;
fuath-thoilltinneach ~ Hateful, abominable, deserving of hatred.
fuathach ~ Hateful, abhorrent 2 demoniacal.
fuathmhor ~ Hateful, disagreeable. 2 Terrific. 3 Horrible. 4 Hating, disliking. 5** Spectral. 6** Unclean. Gach eun fuathmhor, every unclean bird.
gràineil ~ Abominable, hateful, loathsome, odious, disagreeable, detestable, abject. 2 Nasty. Nach gràineile an duine? is not man more abominable?
doinidh ~ a Loathsome, contemptible, hateful - Sàr-Obair.
naoidheanta ~ Childish, child-like infantile.
pàisteanach ~ Childish. puerile
draingeis ~ Snarling, carping. 2. Childish bickering.
troileis ~ Any trifling thing. 2. Childish merriment
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In Irish;
Fat/obese;
ramhar ~ fat or obese person
lodartha ~ flabby (somewhat resembles "lard" but the two words are probably not related)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Stupid/idiot;
bómánta ~ stupid
amadán ~ Idiot (man)
óinseach ~ Idiot (woman)
díomhaoin ~ useless
beagmhaitheasach ~ worthless
neamhfhiúntach ~ worthless
Scraiste, duine gan mhaith ~ a worthless person
Ní fiú a bheith leis ~ it is worthless talking to him
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Arrogant;
díomasach ~ arrogant
sotalach ~ arrogant
duine ardnósach ~ snob
mórluachach ~ snob
bogásach ~ smug
béalchráifeach ~ sanctimonious/holier than thou
uallach ~ conceited
giodalach ~ vain
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Liar;
bréagadóir ~ liar (I wonder if there is a connection with "braggart")
calaois ~ fraud
camastaíl ~ fraud
cealg ~ deceit / fraud
calaoiseach ~ lies
fealltach ~ fraud
mealltach ~ deception
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Ugly;
gránna ~ ugly
míofar ~ ugly
gráiciúil ~ ugly
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Evil;
olc ~ Evil (adj)(the first two here are interesting, I wonder if Tolkien, who did study Gaelic, based his Orks on these. The resemblance to Ogre is also obvious)
olcas ~ (pl)
droch ~
diabhalta(adj) ~ devilish or diabolic or demonic
diabhlaíocht(n) ~ devilment
D'imigh an diabhal air! ~ He's a real devil!
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In Shelta (The Lied of The Irish Travelers);
Nyaak / Nyaakish ~ dishonest, crooked
mugathath ~ stupidity
mong ~ fool
mugathawn ~ idiot
sramaler ~ thief
sumoal ~ crook
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In Yola;
Stupid/idiot;
Clouk ~ An idiot
Dhonal ~ A dunce
Stouck ~ An idiot, a blockhead
Mope ~ A fool
Gomp ~ a moron
Houghany ~ stupid
Kimleare ~ A bummbler
Goodee-hang ~ Good-for-nothing
Falsakeen ~ A liar ( the relationship to "false" is obvious)
Shaaumeless ~ shameless
Trameal ~ sloth
Stuggoone ~ good-for-nothing
Llean ~ evil
Vaapereet ~ A braggart (another good word)
Villent ~ a crook (taken from villain)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In Cromarty Scots;
Ablach ~ Akward or ungainly
Amitan ~ A fool or idiot
Belligut ~ A glutton or greedy person
Blether-Bus ~ A chatterbox, a person who talks with endless, inane chatter (from the Scots "Blather-Skite")
Boshach-Skeyter ~ Hideously ugly, deformed
Bubba ~ The Devi
l Guloot ~ An oaf or moron (from the Scots/Irish term "Galloot")
Haffleen ~ Half-Wit
Lummer ~ A naughty girl, a tramp
Lupikin ~ A rascal or scoundrel
Skilbygelk ~ A worthless good-for-nothing bum
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~`
Note; If you're so vain you think these are about you; then they are.
Sunday, 20 March 2011
A folk song in Yola
Yola was a Middle English language spoken mainly in the Wexford area of Western Ireland starting from the settlement of some English knights, monks and farmers there in 1169. The Wexford area was rural and isolated from the mainstream English court and literary society as well as being surrounded by Irish speakers so the variety of Middle English did not change much after the literary influences of Chaucer and Tyndall in the late 14th century other than adopting various Irish words. The name "Yola" translates as "Old" ie; "The Old Tongue". With a relatively limited population base Yola died out in the late 19th century, forced out by the process if emigration, poverty, lack of jobs, compulsory education with greater literacy in English or Irish as well as hostility from both English and Irish society. Luckily an extensive historical surveys was done before it died out. Reportedly it was spoken with a distinctive slurring pronouncation.
Two examples below with translations;
1.a)"A Yola Song" (in Yola)
"Fade teil thee zo lournagh, co Joane, zo knaggee?
Th' weithest all curcagh, wafur, an cornee.
Lidge w'ouse an a milagh, tis gaay an louthee:
Huck nigher; y'art scuddeen; fartoo zo hachee?
Well, gosp, c'hull be zeid; mot thee fartoo, an fade;
Ha deight ouse var gabble, tell ee zin go t'glade.
Ch'am a stouk, an a donel; wou'll leigh out ee dey.
Th' valler w'speen here, th' lass ee chourch-hey.
Yerstey w'had a baree, gist ing oor hoane,
Aar gentrize ware bibbern, aamzil cou no stoane.
Yith Muzleare had ba hole, t'was mee Tommeen,
At by mizluck was ee-pit t'drive in.
Joud an moud vrem earchee ete was ee Lough.
Zitch vaperreen, an shimmereen, fan ee-daf ee aar scoth!
Zitch blakeen, an blayeen, fan ee ball was ee-drowe!
Chote well aar aim was t'yie ouz n'eer a blowe.
Mot w'all aar boust, hi soon was ee-teight
At aar errone was var ameing 'ar 'ngish ee-height.
Zitch vezzeen, tarvizzeen, 'tell than w'ne'er zey.
Nore zichel ne'er well, nowe, nore ne'er mey."
b) "An Old Song" (translated)
"What ails you so melancholy, quoth John, so cross?
You seem all snappish, uneasy, and fretful.
Lie with us on the clover, 'tis fair and sheltered:
Come nearer; you're rubbing your back; why so ill tempered?
Well, gossip, it shall be told; you ask me what ails me, and for what;
You have put us in talk, till the sun goes to set.
I am a fool and a dunce; we'll idle out the day.
The more we spend here, the less in the churchyard.
Yesterday we had a goal just in our hand.
Their gentry were quaking, themselves could not stand.
If Good-for-little had been buried, it had been my Tommy,
Who by misluck was placed to drive in.
Throngs and crowds from each quarter were at the Lough;
Such vapouring and glittering when stript in their shirts!
Such bawling and shouting, when the ball was thrown!
I saw their intent was to give us ne'er a stroke.
But with all their bravado they were soon taught
That their errand was aiming to bring anguish upon them
Such driving, and struggling, 'till then we ne'er saw
Nor such never will, no, nor never may."
2.a) "The Weddeen of Ballymore" (a verse in Yola)
"A maide vrem a Bearlough,
Aneure vrem ee Barke,
Eshoethet own anoree
Nich th' hia thoras a Culpake."
b) "The Wedding of Ballymore" (in English)
"A maid from Bearlough,
Another from Bake,
Met one another
Nigh the tall thistles of Culpake."
Two examples below with translations;
1.a)"A Yola Song" (in Yola)
"Fade teil thee zo lournagh, co Joane, zo knaggee?
Th' weithest all curcagh, wafur, an cornee.
Lidge w'ouse an a milagh, tis gaay an louthee:
Huck nigher; y'art scuddeen; fartoo zo hachee?
Well, gosp, c'hull be zeid; mot thee fartoo, an fade;
Ha deight ouse var gabble, tell ee zin go t'glade.
Ch'am a stouk, an a donel; wou'll leigh out ee dey.
Th' valler w'speen here, th' lass ee chourch-hey.
Yerstey w'had a baree, gist ing oor hoane,
Aar gentrize ware bibbern, aamzil cou no stoane.
Yith Muzleare had ba hole, t'was mee Tommeen,
At by mizluck was ee-pit t'drive in.
Joud an moud vrem earchee ete was ee Lough.
Zitch vaperreen, an shimmereen, fan ee-daf ee aar scoth!
Zitch blakeen, an blayeen, fan ee ball was ee-drowe!
Chote well aar aim was t'yie ouz n'eer a blowe.
Mot w'all aar boust, hi soon was ee-teight
At aar errone was var ameing 'ar 'ngish ee-height.
Zitch vezzeen, tarvizzeen, 'tell than w'ne'er zey.
Nore zichel ne'er well, nowe, nore ne'er mey."
b) "An Old Song" (translated)
"What ails you so melancholy, quoth John, so cross?
You seem all snappish, uneasy, and fretful.
Lie with us on the clover, 'tis fair and sheltered:
Come nearer; you're rubbing your back; why so ill tempered?
Well, gossip, it shall be told; you ask me what ails me, and for what;
You have put us in talk, till the sun goes to set.
I am a fool and a dunce; we'll idle out the day.
The more we spend here, the less in the churchyard.
Yesterday we had a goal just in our hand.
Their gentry were quaking, themselves could not stand.
If Good-for-little had been buried, it had been my Tommy,
Who by misluck was placed to drive in.
Throngs and crowds from each quarter were at the Lough;
Such vapouring and glittering when stript in their shirts!
Such bawling and shouting, when the ball was thrown!
I saw their intent was to give us ne'er a stroke.
But with all their bravado they were soon taught
That their errand was aiming to bring anguish upon them
Such driving, and struggling, 'till then we ne'er saw
Nor such never will, no, nor never may."
2.a) "The Weddeen of Ballymore" (a verse in Yola)
"A maide vrem a Bearlough,
Aneure vrem ee Barke,
Eshoethet own anoree
Nich th' hia thoras a Culpake."
b) "The Wedding of Ballymore" (in English)
"A maid from Bearlough,
Another from Bake,
Met one another
Nigh the tall thistles of Culpake."
Sunday, 27 February 2011
Days of the week in various British Leids
English;
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Old English (Saxon);
Sunnandæg
Mōnandæg
Tīwesdæg
Wōdnesdæg
Þūnresdæg
Frīgedæg
Sæturnesdæg
Irish;
Dé Domhnaigh
Dé Luain
Dé Máirt
Dé Céadaoin
Dé Ardaoin
Dé hAoine
Dé Sathairn
Scots Gaelic;
Di-Dòmhnaich
Di-Luain
Di-Màirt
Di-Ciadain
Di-Ardaoin
Di-Haoine
Di-Sàthairne
Manx;
Jedoonee
Jelune
Jemayrt
Jecrean
Jerdrein
Jeheiney
Jesarn
Welsh;
Dydd Sul
Dydd Llun
Dydd Mawrth
Dydd Mercher
Dydd Iau
Dydd Gwener
Dydd Sadwrn
Cornish;
Dy Sul
Dy Lun
Dy Meurth
Dy Mergher
Dy Yow
Dy Gwener
Dy Sadorn
Breton;
Di'sul
Di'lun
Di'meurzh
Di'merc’her
Di'riaou
Di'gwener
Di'sadorn
Norn;
Sonday
Monanday
Tiseday
Wadensday
Fuersday or Fuirsdey
Freday
Laurday
Yola;
Zindei
Mondei
Tusedei
Wennesdei
Thorsdei
Vridei
Zathardei
Shelta;
Djumnik (Sunday)
Sloon (Monday)
Graadni (Saturday)
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Old English (Saxon);
Sunnandæg
Mōnandæg
Tīwesdæg
Wōdnesdæg
Þūnresdæg
Frīgedæg
Sæturnesdæg
Irish;
Dé Domhnaigh
Dé Luain
Dé Máirt
Dé Céadaoin
Dé Ardaoin
Dé hAoine
Dé Sathairn
Scots Gaelic;
Di-Dòmhnaich
Di-Luain
Di-Màirt
Di-Ciadain
Di-Ardaoin
Di-Haoine
Di-Sàthairne
Manx;
Jedoonee
Jelune
Jemayrt
Jecrean
Jerdrein
Jeheiney
Jesarn
Welsh;
Dydd Sul
Dydd Llun
Dydd Mawrth
Dydd Mercher
Dydd Iau
Dydd Gwener
Dydd Sadwrn
Cornish;
Dy Sul
Dy Lun
Dy Meurth
Dy Mergher
Dy Yow
Dy Gwener
Dy Sadorn
Breton;
Di'sul
Di'lun
Di'meurzh
Di'merc’her
Di'riaou
Di'gwener
Di'sadorn
Norn;
Sonday
Monanday
Tiseday
Wadensday
Fuersday or Fuirsdey
Freday
Laurday
Yola;
Zindei
Mondei
Tusedei
Wennesdei
Thorsdei
Vridei
Zathardei
Shelta;
Djumnik (Sunday)
Sloon (Monday)
Graadni (Saturday)
Friday, 25 February 2011
Prime Numbers in various British Leids
Numbers 1 - 12 in Old English, Scots, Irish, Gaelic, Manx, Welsh, Breton, Shelta and Yola.
Old English
1. An
2. Twa
3. Brie
4. Féower
5. Fif
6. Syx
7. Seofon
8. Eahta
9. Nigon
10.Tyn
11.Endlefan
12.Twelf
Scots;
1. Yin
2. Twae
3. Threi
4. Fower
5. Foive
6. Sax
7. Seeven
8. Aucht
9. Nine
10.Tenn
11.Eleveen
12.Twal
Old Irish;
1. Oen
2. Da
3. Tri
4. Cethair
5. Coic
6. Se
7. Secht
8. Ocht
9. Noi
10.Diech
Irish;
1. Aon
2. Dha
3. Tri
4. Ceathair
5. Cúig
6. Se
7. Seacht
8. Ocht
9. Naoi
10.Ten
11.Aon déag
12.Dó dhéag
Gaelic;
1. Aon
2. Da
3. Tri
4. Ceithir
5. Cóignear
6. Sia
7. Seachd
8. Ochd
9. Naoi
10.Deich
11.Aon deug
12.Dà dheug
Manx;
1. Un
2. Da
3. Tree
4. Kiare
5. Queig
6. Shey
7. Shiaght
8. Hoght
9. Nuy
10.Jei
11.Nane jeig
12.Daa yeig
13.Tree jeig
Welsh;
1. Un
2. Dau
3. Tri
4. Pedwar
5. Pump
6. Chwech
7. Saith
8. Wyth
9. Naw
10.Deg
11.Un ar Deg
12.Deudegg
Breton;
1. unan
2. daou
3. tri
4. pevar
5. pemp
6. c'hwec'h
7. seizh
8. eizh
9. nav
10.dek
Shelta;
1. Ayn
2. Odd
3. Sheeka
4. Shaka
5. Shooka
6. Shay
7. Sheltoo
8. Okht
9. Ayen
10.Chal gyetcha
Yola;
1. Oane
2. Twye
3. Dhree
4. Vowér
5. Veeve
6. Zeese
7. Zebbem
8. Ayght
9. Neene
10.Dhen
Old English
1. An
2. Twa
3. Brie
4. Féower
5. Fif
6. Syx
7. Seofon
8. Eahta
9. Nigon
10.Tyn
11.Endlefan
12.Twelf
Scots;
1. Yin
2. Twae
3. Threi
4. Fower
5. Foive
6. Sax
7. Seeven
8. Aucht
9. Nine
10.Tenn
11.Eleveen
12.Twal
Old Irish;
1. Oen
2. Da
3. Tri
4. Cethair
5. Coic
6. Se
7. Secht
8. Ocht
9. Noi
10.Diech
Irish;
1. Aon
2. Dha
3. Tri
4. Ceathair
5. Cúig
6. Se
7. Seacht
8. Ocht
9. Naoi
10.Ten
11.Aon déag
12.Dó dhéag
Gaelic;
1. Aon
2. Da
3. Tri
4. Ceithir
5. Cóignear
6. Sia
7. Seachd
8. Ochd
9. Naoi
10.Deich
11.Aon deug
12.Dà dheug
Manx;
1. Un
2. Da
3. Tree
4. Kiare
5. Queig
6. Shey
7. Shiaght
8. Hoght
9. Nuy
10.Jei
11.Nane jeig
12.Daa yeig
13.Tree jeig
Welsh;
1. Un
2. Dau
3. Tri
4. Pedwar
5. Pump
6. Chwech
7. Saith
8. Wyth
9. Naw
10.Deg
11.Un ar Deg
12.Deudegg
Breton;
1. unan
2. daou
3. tri
4. pevar
5. pemp
6. c'hwec'h
7. seizh
8. eizh
9. nav
10.dek
Shelta;
1. Ayn
2. Odd
3. Sheeka
4. Shaka
5. Shooka
6. Shay
7. Sheltoo
8. Okht
9. Ayen
10.Chal gyetcha
Yola;
1. Oane
2. Twye
3. Dhree
4. Vowér
5. Veeve
6. Zeese
7. Zebbem
8. Ayght
9. Neene
10.Dhen
Monday, 24 January 2011
Some passages from Wycliffe's Bible with Modern Translation
Written in a period of years from 1382 to 1395 in the Middle English tongue by John Wycliffe and distributed widely in the British Isles the Wycliffe was a huge influence on the development of English as well as the Scots and Yola lieds which kept many of it's words into the modern era.
1. a)Wycliffe version;
"Oure fadir þat art in heuenes halwid be þi name;
þi reume or kyngdom come to be.Be þi wille don in herþe as it is dounin heuene.
yeue to us today oure eche dayes bred.
And foryeue to us oure dettis þat is oure synnys
as we foryeuen to oure dettouris þat is to men þat han synned in us.
And lede us not into temptacion but delyuere us from euyl."
b)Modern version;
"Our father which art in heaven, hallowed be thy name.
Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth as it is in heaven.
Give us this day our daily bread.
And forgive us our debts as we forgive our debters.
And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil.'
2. a)Wycliffe version;
"And God seide, Lict be maad; and lict was maad"
~ Genesis 1:3
b) King James translation;
"And God said, Let there be light; and there was light"
~ Genesis 1:3 Old Testament
3. a)Wycliffe version;
"For God louede so the world that he yaf his oon bigetun sone, that ech man that beliueth in him perische not, but haue euerlastynge lijf."
~ John 3:16
b) Modern King James translation;
"For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him shall not perish, but have everlasting life."
~ John 3:16 New Testament
4. a) Wycliffe version in Middle English;
"And it is don, aftirward Jesus made iourne bi cites & castelis prechende & euangelisende þe rewme of god, & twelue wiþ hym & summe wymmen þat weren helid of wicke spiritis & sicnesses, marie þat is clepid maudeleyn, of whom seuene deuelis wenten out & Jone þe wif off chusi procuratour of eroude, & susanne & manye oþere þat mynystreden to hym of her facultes."
~Luke ch.8, v.1–3
b) Modern Translation;
"And it came to pass afterward, that he went throughout every city and village, preaching and showing the glad tidings of the kingdom of God: and the twelve were with him, and certain women, which had been healed of evil spirits and infirmities, Mary called Magdalene, out of whom went seven devils, and Joanna the wife of Chuza Herod's steward, and Susanna, and many others, which ministered unto him of their substance."
~Translation of Luke ch.8 v.1–3, from the New Testament
1. a)Wycliffe version;
"Oure fadir þat art in heuenes halwid be þi name;
þi reume or kyngdom come to be.Be þi wille don in herþe as it is dounin heuene.
yeue to us today oure eche dayes bred.
And foryeue to us oure dettis þat is oure synnys
as we foryeuen to oure dettouris þat is to men þat han synned in us.
And lede us not into temptacion but delyuere us from euyl."
b)Modern version;
"Our father which art in heaven, hallowed be thy name.
Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth as it is in heaven.
Give us this day our daily bread.
And forgive us our debts as we forgive our debters.
And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil.'
2. a)Wycliffe version;
"And God seide, Lict be maad; and lict was maad"
~ Genesis 1:3
b) King James translation;
"And God said, Let there be light; and there was light"
~ Genesis 1:3 Old Testament
3. a)Wycliffe version;
"For God louede so the world that he yaf his oon bigetun sone, that ech man that beliueth in him perische not, but haue euerlastynge lijf."
~ John 3:16
b) Modern King James translation;
"For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him shall not perish, but have everlasting life."
~ John 3:16 New Testament
4. a) Wycliffe version in Middle English;
"And it is don, aftirward Jesus made iourne bi cites & castelis prechende & euangelisende þe rewme of god, & twelue wiþ hym & summe wymmen þat weren helid of wicke spiritis & sicnesses, marie þat is clepid maudeleyn, of whom seuene deuelis wenten out & Jone þe wif off chusi procuratour of eroude, & susanne & manye oþere þat mynystreden to hym of her facultes."
~Luke ch.8, v.1–3
b) Modern Translation;
"And it came to pass afterward, that he went throughout every city and village, preaching and showing the glad tidings of the kingdom of God: and the twelve were with him, and certain women, which had been healed of evil spirits and infirmities, Mary called Magdalene, out of whom went seven devils, and Joanna the wife of Chuza Herod's steward, and Susanna, and many others, which ministered unto him of their substance."
~Translation of Luke ch.8 v.1–3, from the New Testament
Two "Canterbury Tales" prolouges with translation
Written by Geoffrey Chaucer in the 1380's "The Canterbury Tales" is considered the greatest example of literature of the English language of the pre-Renaissance, Middle English era. "Canterbury Tales" are a collection of short stories told from the point of view of a group of travelers on the way to Canterbury. Along with the Wycliffe and Caxton Bibles, the work was the most hugely influential in the development of English literature until Shakespeare's works. It also left an important legacy in the Scots and Yola leids which retained many words and spellings after they left Modern English.
Below are two examples with modern translations.
1.a) From the general prologue;
Original in Middle English(London dialect):
"Whan that Aueryłł wt his shoures soote,
The droghte of Marcħ, hath perced to the roote;
And bathed euery veyne in swich lycour,
Of which vertu engendred is the flour;
Whan zephirus eek wt his sweete breeth,
Inspired hath in euery holt and heeth;
The tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne,
Hath in the Ram, his half cours yronne;
And smale foweles, maken melodye,
That slepen al the nyght with open iye;
So priketh hem nature, in hir corages,
Thanne longen folk to goon on pilgrymages;
And Palmeres for to seeken straunge strondes,
To ferne halwes, kouthe in sondry londes;
And specially, from euery shyres ende,
Of Engelond to Caunterbury they wende;
The holy blisful martir for to seke,
That hem hath holpen whan þt they weere seeke."
b) Modern English translation (note the brackets have been added as they did not exist in Middle English);
"When in April the sweet showers fall
And pierce the drought of March to the root, and all
The veins are bathed in liquor of such power
As brings about the engendering of the flower,
When also Zephyrus with his sweet breath
Exhales an air in every grove and heath
Upon the tender shoots, and the young sun
His half course in the sign of the Ram has run
And the small fowl are making melody
That sleep away the night with open eye,
(So nature pricks them and their heart engages)
Then folk long to go on pilgrimages,
And palmers long to seek the stranger strands
Of far off saints, hallowed in sundry lands,
And specially from every shires’ end
Of England, down to Canterbury they wend
The holy blissful martyr, quick
To give his help to them when they were sick."
2.a) From "The Merchant's Prologue";
"Wepyng and waylyng, care and oother sorwe
I knowe ynogh, on even and a-morwe,'
Quod the Marchant, 'and so doon oother mo
That wedded been."
b) Modern English translation;
"Weeping and wailing, care and other sorrow
I know enough, in the evening and in the morning,'
said the Merchant, 'and so does many another
who has been married."
Below are two examples with modern translations.
1.a) From the general prologue;
Original in Middle English(London dialect):
"Whan that Aueryłł wt his shoures soote,
The droghte of Marcħ, hath perced to the roote;
And bathed euery veyne in swich lycour,
Of which vertu engendred is the flour;
Whan zephirus eek wt his sweete breeth,
Inspired hath in euery holt and heeth;
The tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne,
Hath in the Ram, his half cours yronne;
And smale foweles, maken melodye,
That slepen al the nyght with open iye;
So priketh hem nature, in hir corages,
Thanne longen folk to goon on pilgrymages;
And Palmeres for to seeken straunge strondes,
To ferne halwes, kouthe in sondry londes;
And specially, from euery shyres ende,
Of Engelond to Caunterbury they wende;
The holy blisful martir for to seke,
That hem hath holpen whan þt they weere seeke."
b) Modern English translation (note the brackets have been added as they did not exist in Middle English);
"When in April the sweet showers fall
And pierce the drought of March to the root, and all
The veins are bathed in liquor of such power
As brings about the engendering of the flower,
When also Zephyrus with his sweet breath
Exhales an air in every grove and heath
Upon the tender shoots, and the young sun
His half course in the sign of the Ram has run
And the small fowl are making melody
That sleep away the night with open eye,
(So nature pricks them and their heart engages)
Then folk long to go on pilgrimages,
And palmers long to seek the stranger strands
Of far off saints, hallowed in sundry lands,
And specially from every shires’ end
Of England, down to Canterbury they wend
The holy blissful martyr, quick
To give his help to them when they were sick."
2.a) From "The Merchant's Prologue";
"Wepyng and waylyng, care and oother sorwe
I knowe ynogh, on even and a-morwe,'
Quod the Marchant, 'and so doon oother mo
That wedded been."
b) Modern English translation;
"Weeping and wailing, care and other sorrow
I know enough, in the evening and in the morning,'
said the Merchant, 'and so does many another
who has been married."
Sunday, 23 January 2011
A few slightly derogatory regional terms
1. Teuchter ~ A Lowland Scottish word referring to Highland Scots, especially Gaelic speakers. No specifically derogatory but often used to imply lower class "white trash" or "hillbillies". Pronounced "chookter".
2. Sassenach ~ A Highland Scots and Irish word to refer to Lowland Scots or English. Translates as "Saxons". Not specifically derogatory, but by lumping in Lowland Scots together with the English as "Saxons" it implies that they are foreigners and not truly Scots. Pronounced "sassenakh".
3. Erse ~ A Lowland Scots word to refer to the Gaelic language and Gaelic tongue. Translates as "Irish" implying that Gaelic speakers are foreigners.
4. Taffy or Taffs ~ An English term referring to the Welsh, Cornish, Bretons or Cumbrians. Originally Taffy was a short form of Taffydd or Daffydd, a Welsh version of David, a common Welsh and Cornish name. Not specifically derogatory but is used to imply a lout. Evolved into the word "daffy" which then become a more general insult.
5. Sais ~ A Welsh word for the English, the female form is Saesnes. Originally from an old Saxon word meaning "fair" as in having lighter hair and skin, which doesn't sound too bad, however it can also be be meant to imply an effeminate toff. Or it could also be a corruption of the word Saxon similar to the Scottish term "Sassenach".
6. Sows ~ The Cornish word for the English, and the Cornish word for the English language is "Sowsnek" both of which sound particularly insulting, at least in English. Actually it comes from the same root word as the Welsh "sais".
7. Paddy ~ A common English and Scots term for the Irish, usually implies a drunken buffoon. Originally derived from the common Irish name Patrick (Padraig in Irish), St. Patrick is also of course the Patron Saint of Ireland. The term "Micks" used as insult is an American derivative. A female term sometimes used in the Victorian and Edwardian eras was "Bridget" although this has since fallen away.
Some other regional terms;
8. Grasano ~ Shelta term for a Scottish person
9. Shisher ~ Shelta term for an Irish person
10.Rilanthu ~ Another Shelta term for an Irish person
11.Palanthus ~ Shelta term for an English person
12.Eerish ~ Yola term for the Irish
2. Sassenach ~ A Highland Scots and Irish word to refer to Lowland Scots or English. Translates as "Saxons". Not specifically derogatory, but by lumping in Lowland Scots together with the English as "Saxons" it implies that they are foreigners and not truly Scots. Pronounced "sassenakh".
3. Erse ~ A Lowland Scots word to refer to the Gaelic language and Gaelic tongue. Translates as "Irish" implying that Gaelic speakers are foreigners.
4. Taffy or Taffs ~ An English term referring to the Welsh, Cornish, Bretons or Cumbrians. Originally Taffy was a short form of Taffydd or Daffydd, a Welsh version of David, a common Welsh and Cornish name. Not specifically derogatory but is used to imply a lout. Evolved into the word "daffy" which then become a more general insult.
5. Sais ~ A Welsh word for the English, the female form is Saesnes. Originally from an old Saxon word meaning "fair" as in having lighter hair and skin, which doesn't sound too bad, however it can also be be meant to imply an effeminate toff. Or it could also be a corruption of the word Saxon similar to the Scottish term "Sassenach".
6. Sows ~ The Cornish word for the English, and the Cornish word for the English language is "Sowsnek" both of which sound particularly insulting, at least in English. Actually it comes from the same root word as the Welsh "sais".
7. Paddy ~ A common English and Scots term for the Irish, usually implies a drunken buffoon. Originally derived from the common Irish name Patrick (Padraig in Irish), St. Patrick is also of course the Patron Saint of Ireland. The term "Micks" used as insult is an American derivative. A female term sometimes used in the Victorian and Edwardian eras was "Bridget" although this has since fallen away.
Some other regional terms;
8. Grasano ~ Shelta term for a Scottish person
9. Shisher ~ Shelta term for an Irish person
10.Rilanthu ~ Another Shelta term for an Irish person
11.Palanthus ~ Shelta term for an English person
12.Eerish ~ Yola term for the Irish
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